NVQ Diploma L2 6705-23

Unit 206 Construct cavity walling forming masonry structures

Aim

The aim of this unit is to provide the learner with the
knowledge and skills to construct walling to form masonry structures

Learning outcome

The learner will:

1. understand how to plan and select resources for practical tasks

Assessment criteria

The learner can:

1.2 Identify Scales Applied to Drawings

Unit 206

Scale

Scales use ratios to relate measurements on a drawing or model to the real dimensions of the actual job.

It is impractical to draw buildings, plots of land and most parts of a building to their full size, as they simply will not fit on a piece of paper.

Instead, they are normally drawn to a smaller size which has a known ratio to the real thing.

The main scales used in the construction industry are:

1:1 1:5 1:10 1:20 1:50 1:100 1:200 1:500 1:1250 1:2500

Using Scale

The ratio shows how many times bigger one quantity is than the other.

In a house drawing to a Scale of 1:20, 1mm on the drawing would stand for 20mm in the actual house.

If the drawing was to a Scale of 1:100, 1mm would stand for 100mm and so on.

Using Scale Rules

Typical scale rule used to set out dimensions on a drawing.

Scale rules are usually marked with eight different scales, two on each of four edges using both sides of the rule.

The dimensions engraved along the edges of scale rules are those represented by the scale rule and are not the actual dimensions as are those marked along the edge of steel tapes and ‘school rulers’.

For example, on the 1:20 Scale the numbered dimensions 100, 200 and 300 mm are marked at distances of 5, 10 and 15mm along the edge of the rule.

Drawings Scale

Block plans: 1:1250 or 1:2500

Site plans: 1:200, 1:500, 1:1250

Assembly Drawings: 1:10, 1:5, 1:2

Elevations Drawings: 1:200, 1:100, 1:50, 1:20

Sectional Drawings: 1:200, 1:100, 1:50, 1:20

Floor Plan Drawings : 1:200, 1:100, 1:50, 1:20

Working Drawing Lines

Construction Drawing Lines have standards for different types of lines.
Each has a definite meaning and is recognized as a typical symbol or object within the building trades industry.
Listed below are the standard types of lines that will come across typically, when using Working Drawing.

Symbols

These are graphical illustrations used to represent different materials and components in a building drawing.

Symbols

Almost every drawing, specification or other instruction will show dimensions somewhere, otherwise, how would we know how long or wide or high to build a wall.

Dimension lines are thin solid lines and should have the dimension concerned printed directly above and in the centre.

Open arrowheads are used to indicate basic modular dimensions, including tolerances.

Solid arrowheads are used to indicate actual dimensions.

How would we know where to place the door or window openings?

All dimensions are in mm, dimensions may be shown in a variety of ways on a drawing or specification.

Here are some examples:

Only one type of termination line should be used on a set of drawings.

Running Dimensions

Running dimensions are a series of dimensions extending from a fixed point, or datum, along a continuous line on which each dimension is the distance from the Datum.

Hatching Materials

Hatching styles are patterns used on drawings to act as symbols for the easy identification, rapid identification and location of different types of commonly-used materials, objects and spaces

Drainage

Abbreviations

These are a short way of writing a word or group of words.
They allow maximum information to be included in a concise way.
Here are some abbreviations commonly used in the building industry.